The first sound - the "lub" - is made by the mitral and tricuspid valves closing at the beginning of systole (SIS-toe-lee).
When the heart's valves open and close, they make a "lub-DUB" sound that a doctor can hear using a stethoscope. Then they shut to keep blood from flowing backward. They open to allow blood to flow through to the next chamber or to one of the arteries. Valves are like doors that open and close. This artery carries blood from the heart to the body.
The aortic (ay-OR-tik) valve is in the left side of the heart, between the left ventricle and the entrance to the aorta.
The mitral (MI-trul) valve is in the left side of the heart, between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
This artery carries blood from the heart to the lungs.
The pulmonary (PULL-mun-ary) valve is in the right side of the heart, between the right ventricle and the entrance to the pulmonary artery.
The tricuspid (tri-CUSS-pid) valve is in the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
The ventricles (VEN-trih-kuhls) are the two lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart to the lungs or other parts of the body.įour valves control the flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles and from the ventricles into the two large arteries connected to the heart.
The atria (AY-tree-uh) are the two upper chambers that collect blood as it flows into the heart.
The red arrow shows the direction in which oxygen-rich blood flows from the lungs to the rest of the body. The blue arrow shows the direction in which oxygen-poor blood flows from the body to the lungs. The illustration shows a cross-section of a healthy heart and its inside structures. Picture of a healthy heart cross-section. SLIDESHOW Heart Disease: Causes of a Heart Attack See Slideshow In the United States, more than 1 million adults are living with congenital heart defects. They may need to pay special attention to how their condition affects issues such as health insurance, employment, birth control and pregnancy, and other health issues. Most people who have complex heart defects continue to need special heart care throughout their lives. As a result, almost all children who have complex heart defects survive to adulthood and can live active, productive lives. The diagnosis and treatment of complex heart defects has greatly improved over the past few decades. These defects require special medical care soon after birth. Some babies are born with complex congenital heart defects. They need no treatment or are easily fixed. Many of these defects are simple conditions. Each year, more than 35,000 babies in the United States are born with congenital heart defects. They affect 8 out of every 1,000 newborns. They range from simple defects with no symptoms to complex defects with severe, life-threatening symptoms.Ĭongenital heart defects are the most common type of birth defect. There are many types of congenital heart defects.
The arteries and veins that carry blood to the heart or the bodyĬongenital heart defects change the normal flow of blood through the heart.
Some need special care all though their lives to maintain a good quality of life.Ĭongenital (kon-JEN-ih-tal) heart defects are problems with the heart's structure that are present at birth.
With new advances in testing and treatment, most children with congenital heart defects grow into adulthood and can live healthy, productive lives.
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the defect.
Doctors treat congenital heart defects with catheter procedures and surgery.
Other tests include EKG ( electrocardiogram), chest x ray, pulse oximetry, and cardiac catheterization. This test helps diagnose problems with how the heart is formed and how well it's working.
An echocardiogram is an important test for both diagnosing a heart problem and following the problem over time.
Some defects aren't diagnosed until later in childhood, or even in adulthood.
Serious heart defects are usually diagnosed while a baby is still in the womb or soon after birth.
A bluish tint to skin, lips, and fingernails.
Severe defects can cause symptoms such as:
Although many heart defects have few or no symptoms, some do.
Doctors don't know what causes most congenital heart defects.
There are many types of congenital heart defects ranging from simple to very complex.
Congenital heart defects are the most common type of birth defect, affecting 8 out of every 1,000 newborns.
Congenital heart defects change the normal flow of blood through the heart.
Congenital heart defects are problems with the heart's structure that are present at birth.
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